The Russell Terrier was created in the 1800’s to hunt fox in rugged terrain, and came from bloodlines very similar to the Parson Russell Terrier. In fact, there is a history of crossbreeding the two breeds before the recognition and standard was set for the Russell Terrier, and it’s only been recently that the breed has been considered separate and distinct. The history of the Russell, the Parson Russell, and the Jack Russell has been a long and (occasionally complicated) one, further muddled by the fact that the various breed clubs have different ideas of what constitutes the “perfect Russell”. Despite his complicated history, however, there is no questioning the fact that this is a feisty hunting terrier with a high prey drive!
Russells need to be given lots of socialization when they are young to help them coexist well with people and other dogs. They also require exercise…. and a LOT of it. Many new owners are surprised by the amount of energy that these little dogs have inside them! Not only high energy, but high intensity as well – the Russell is a lot of dog in a tiny package. Lazy lapdogs they most certainly are not! They do best in situation with active, outdoors-y owners and are hardy enough for hiking and other rough-and-tumble activities. Without strenuous activity, it can be difficult to wear this breed out.
The Russell is incredibly intelligent and responds very well to training. When his high drive is channeled into obedience and other dog sports, he really shines! This terrier often gathers top scores in agility, hunting and obedience venues. Because they are very adaptable to all sorts of training, they can often be taught just about anything… and do it in style! This said, like most terriers they do have a stubborn side and owners should expect to establish firm rules from the beginning. Patience and a sense of humor are also necessary tools to have when training a Russell Terrier. This quick-moving and quick-thinking breed must have a job to do in order to stay sane, and obedience training is usually the first step to giving the dog a job. 
Russell Terriers are loyal and devoted to their owners, and will curl up on the couch with their favorite person after they have been exercised for the day. They get along well with children, although kids must be taught to treat them nicely. Curious and friendly, they make great companions for young and old alike! They can easily adapt into a single-person home as well as an active family – as long as their needs are met, of course. They also tend to get along well with other dogs.
Most Russells are not overly loud dogs although they will bark to announce people at the door. They can often be trained to be quiet after a short alarm, as long as the owner stays consistent. Their fearless nature makes them willing to take on any threat they deem necessary, which means it is important to establish what is a threat and what is not, while they are young. This is a courageous breed who doesn’t realize the shortcomings of his tiny size.